一、导读：

二、导思：

To enter and enjoy this new world of literature, we need to love and make an effort 1. _______(explain) it. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race 2._______ (be) the natural and social environments. We have now reached a point 3. _______ we wish to enjoy and understand literature. Let’s look at some of its significant qualities.  

The first quality of literature is its 4. _______(describe) of truth and beauty. Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed 5. _________ a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.

　　The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination. Its attraction lies more in what it 6. ________ (awake) in us than what it says.

　　The third quality of literature, 7. ________ (come) out of the other two, is its permanence. To achieve this, it should contain two 8._______(element): universal interest and personal style. Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature—love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope. It also 9. _______(take) on a personal style.

In summary, literature is 10. _______ expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.

三、导学&导练：

A. 重点短语

1．devote oneself to致力于……，专心、献身于……

My meaning simply is...that whatever I have devoted myself to, I have devoted myself to completely...

我的意思很简单……无论我致力于什么，我都会全身心投入……

[归纳拓展]

(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.献身于……；致力于……

devote one's life/time/money/energy to sth./doing sth.把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于……

(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的

be devoted to sth./doing sth.专心于；奉献于……

(3)devotion n．关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚

The reform will help change the current English testing system, which makes students “devote too much time to the learning of English grammar”．

这次改革将有助于改变当前的英语考试制度，这项制度使学生“花太多时间学习英语语法”。

[即学即练] 用devote的适当形式填空

①_______herself to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.

＝_______to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.

②The dog had such devotion to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.

2．range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列

Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange, and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears.

随后男子解释说其实孩子听到的声音并没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了各种对人的耳朵来说太微弱的声音而已。

[归纳拓展]

(1)in/within range (of sth.)在……范围内      beyond/out of range (of sth.)在……范围外

a range of一系列

(2)vi. (在一定范围内)变化，变动         

range from...to.../range between...and...在……范围内变化

[即学即练] 单句语法填空

①With no parents to watch over them, some students tend to develop_________ wide range of unhealthy habits.

②The hunter failed to shoot the animal as it was _______ range of his gun.

3．appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；向某人呼吁

Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic.

让一首小曲娱悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。

[归纳拓展]

(1)appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人提出呼吁或请求    

appeal to sb.to do sth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事

(2)appealing adj.有吸引力的；恳求的(表情或语气)

[即学即练] 单句语法填空

①The government appealed to the International Red Cross_________ (help) the people suffering from the floods.

②There was a sense of humour to what he did that I found very _______________ (appeal)．

A. 句式分析

1．The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its permanence.

文学的第三个特质是它的持久性，这是由另外两个特质所产生的。

现在分词短语coming out of the other two作名词短语the third quality of literature的后置定语。

[归纳拓展]

(1)动词的­ing形式与被修饰词为主动关系且表示主动动作。

(2)单个动词的­ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前；现在分词短语作定语，则常放在被修饰词后。

(3)如果动词的­ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，用它的被动式：being＋过去分词，表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作，常作后置定语。

①He told me the exciting news.  他告诉了我这则令人激动的消息。

②Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?  和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁？

2．Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.

每本书的背后都有一个人，在人的背后是民族，民族的背后是自然和社会环境。

本句由三个分句构成，每个分句都是倒装句，结构为：表语＋be＋主语。

[归纳拓展]

(1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持句子平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为：分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语。

(2)表示处所、方位等的副词或介词短语，如 here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, off 等放在句首，且主语是名词，谓语通常是 be, lie, sit, stand, come, go, exist, live 等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。如果主语是代词则不倒装。

①Buried in the earth was a jar with lots of ancient coins in it.

埋在泥土里的是一个装满古币的坛子。

②Present at the meeting were the school headmaster, the English teachers, and the students' parents.

出席会议的有校长、英语教师和学生们的家长。

③Out rushed a cat from under the bed.

从床底下跑出一只猫。

[即学即练] 句型转换

①The door opened and the children rushed out.

→The door opened and _______the children.

②They entered the classroom, and a naughty boy sat in the front of it.

→They entered the classroom, in the front of which ______________.

③Some advanced workers are seated in the first line.

→_____________________are some advanced workers.

3．In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.

总之，我们现在已经到了希望享受和理解文学的阶段。

本句为主从复合句，句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词point，先行词在从句中作地点状语。

[归纳拓展]

当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point, situation, case, stage等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。

①They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.

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