一、导读：

Key words & expressions involved

1. appeal vi./n.      2. determine vt./vi.     3. description n.          4. sensitive  adj.

5. capable adj.       6. awaken vt./vi.      7. launch vt.            8. permanence n.

9. contain vt.      10. feature vt/n.         11. issue vt./n.            12. dawn on 

二、导思：【课文定位】根据语境推测下列单词或者短语的中文意思并且反复诵读

1.My meaning simply is, that whatever I have tried to do in life, I have tried with all my heart to do well; that whatever I have devoted myself to, I have devoted myself to completely; that in great aims and in small, I have always been thoroughly in earnest.  --David Copperfield, by Charles Dickson

2. Butterflies too are few and so are flowers and most things that are beautiful.

3. The wonder of literature 

4. A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. Suddenly he heard strange, low, musical sounds.

5. Some such experience as this lies in store for us when we begin the study of literature.

6. The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times. Then they took seven steps together by the fire, and with each step make a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. It was romantic!

7. Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic.

8. The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.

9. The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty.

10. Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.

11. One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.

12. Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.

13.“Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?” he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism.

14. The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its permanence.

15. To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style.

16. In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.

17. One important feature of classic literature is that it often reflects an author’s own experiences and can therefore help us understand the important issues of his or her time.

18. No doubt drawing on his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time.

19. As a result, readers are capable of better understanding the gap between rich and poor, men and women, the learned and the uneducated in the historical context.

20. In summary, we can learn much about a specific period in history from classic literature.

三、导学&导练：

A. 词汇派生

1．devote v. 致力于，投入→_________ adj. 献身的，忠诚的→_________ n. 奉献，忠诚，热爱

2．determine v. 确定，决定，支配；决心→_________ adj. 坚决的，坚定的→_________ n. 决定，决心

3．describe vt. 描述，描写→ _________n. 描述，描写，形容

4．sense n. 感觉，感官→_________ adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的

5．awake adj.醒着的→_________ vt.&vi.唤起，被唤起；(使)醒来

6．sum vt.总结，概括→_________n．总结，概括，概要

B.一词多义 

1．appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n. 吸引力

①The prospect of living in a city holds little appeal for me.        _________

②The police made an appeal to the public to remain calm.         _________

③The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups.          _________

2．reflect vt.&vi. 反映，映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思

①She could see herself reflected in his eyes.                    _________

②The windows reflected the bright afternoon sunlight.            _________

③On the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well.   _________

C.掌握核心单词的用法

1. devote /dɪˈvəʊt/ oneself to  致力，专心，献身

devote...to...把……奉献于/献身于/专心于……

devote oneself to (doing)...  献身于……；致力于(做)……

→devoted adj.  忠实的；深爱的  be devoted to (doing)...  奉献于(做)……；专心于(做)……

→devotion n.  关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚

①They are devoted to their children. 他们深爱着自己的孩子。

②The young lady devotes herself to teaching the deaf children，so she has little time to care for her own daughter.

=Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词作状语)

=Devoted to teaching the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词作状语)

③If I am chosen，I will devote myself to being a qualified volunteer. Hoping you can take my application into consideration.

如果我被选中，我将努力成为一名合格的志愿者。希望您能考虑我的申请。

2. appeal /əˈpiːl/ vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n. 吸引力；申诉；呼吁  

appeal to　呼吁；恳求；上诉；对……有吸引力;诉诸（武力、舆论、裁判）

appeal to sb to do sth/for sth  呼吁/恳求某人做某事

=make an appeal to sb to do sth /for sth  为某事向某人呼吁或请求

→appealing adj.  吸引人的；引起兴趣的

①She appealed to the high court against her sentence.  上诉

②Word came that the concert that was given by the band consisting of 5 teenagers was appealing. 有吸引力的

③Our school appeals to the students to set aside at least an hour every day to take exercise.

=Our school makes an appeal to the students to set aside at least an hour every day to take exercise.

I am writing to appeal to everyone to take an active part in building a beautiful campus.

我写信呼吁大家积极参与建设美丽校园。

④I’m sure it will appeal to you，for you’ve been enthusiastic about sports.

我确信它会对你有吸引力，因为你一直热衷于体育运动。

3.  determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ vt. 确定；决定，支配vi. 决心  

→determine on/upon (doing) sth决定(做)某事

determine to do sth  决定做某事(表示动作)

→determined adj.  坚决的；有决心的 be determined to do sth  决心做某事(表示状态)

→determination n.  决心

①They were determined to preserve their students from harm.

②She determined to work twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.

③I have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.

④So my classmates and I have determined to organize some wonderful singing and dancing performances for them，which will last about one hour.

所以我和我的同学决定为他们组织一些精彩的歌舞表演，这将持续大约1个小时。

⑤ I’m determined to perform well in the final exam，so I’m occupied in preparing for it.

=Determined to perform well in the final exam，I’m occupied in preparing for it.(用分词作状语)

高考中常把determined to do sth作状语的用法作为考查点，有类似用法的还有lost in，caught in，absorbed in等。

4. description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n. 描述，形容，说明  

give a detailed/full description of sb/sth 对…作详细的╱详尽的说明

give a brief/general description of sb/sth 对…作简要╱概括性的说明

beyond description无法描述,无法形容

It is thought that the scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description .

→describe vt.描述，形容→descriptive /dɪˈskrɪptɪv/  adj. 描述(性)的; 描写(性)的；叙述的

5. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ vt. & vi. 反映，显示；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；沉思  

reflect...in...　　　在……中映出……的影像  be reflected in  倒映在…中；反映在…中

reflect on/upon sth  认真思考/反省某事

→reflection n.  反射；反映；映像；认真思考 on reflection 经过思考

①Usually a child’s behaviour is a reflection of his family relationship and growth environment.

②The possible changes of the market need to be reflected on before we act.

③There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture.

=There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon reflected in the picture.(分词作定语)

④There will be 500 works，which reflect the perfect combination of the traditional crafts and the contemporary ideas.将有500幅作品，这些作品反映了传统工艺(craft)与当代理念的完美结合。

⑤Traditional Chinese culture is reflected in many paper-cutting works on display.

中国传统文化反映在许多展出的剪纸作品中。

6. capable /ˈkeɪpəbl/ adj. 有能力，有才能；能力强的

→be capable of (doing) sth.有能力做某事

① If you are capable of communicating with foreigners in English，I think you are equal to the job.如果你能用英语和外国人交流，我想你就能胜任这个工作。

→incapable adj. 没有能力的→capability  /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/ n. 能力；才能 +to do sth/of doing sth

② Animals in the zoo have lost the capability to catch/of catching food for themselves. 

动物园的动物已经丧失自己捕食的能力。

7. awaken /əˈweɪkən/ vt. & vi. 唤起，被唤起；（使）醒来

① The dream awakened terrible memories. 这个梦唤起了可怕的往事。

② We awakened to find the others gone.   我们醒来发现其他人已经走了。

8. permanence /ˈpɜːmənəns/ n. 永久；持久性

We no longer talk of the permanence of marriage. 如今，再没有人说婚姻要天长地久了。

→permanent adj. 永久的；永恒的；固定的 (住所或地址、职业、职员)

a permanent job 固定工作     permanent staff 固定职工

9. contain /kənˈteɪn/ vt. 包含，含有；容纳 ;【打印本页】【关闭窗口】