江苏省仪征中学高二上学期英语期末阅读训练四 

Score: 100   Time: 40 min

一．阅读理解 （2.5*7 = 17.5分）

A

Do you think I’m insane?

This question came from Elon Musk near the very end of a long dinner we shared at a high-end seafood restaurant in Silicon Valley. I’d gotten to the restaurant first and settled down with a gin and tonic, knowing Musk would—as ever—be late. After about fifteen minutes, Musk showed up. Musk stands six foot one but he is absurdly broad-shouldered and sturdy. You’d figure he would use this frame to his advantage and perform an alpha-male strut (昂首阔步) when entering a room. Instead, he tends to be almost sheepish. His head tilted slightly down while walking, a quick handshake hello after reaching the table, and then butt in seat. From there, Musk needs a few minutes before he warms up and looks at ease.

Musk asked me to dinner for a negotiation of sorts. Eighteen months earlier, I’d informed him of my plans to write a book about him, and he’d informed me of his plans not to cooperate.

His rejection stung but sent me into dogged reporter mode. If I had to do this book without him, so be it. Plenty of people had left Musk’s companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, and would talk, and I already knew a lot of his friends. The interviews followed one after another, month after month, and two hundred or so people into the process, I heard from Musk once again. He called me at home and declared that things could go one of two ways: he could make my life very difficult or he could help with the project after all. He’d be willing to cooperate if he could read the book before it went to publication, and could add footnotes (脚注) throughout it. He would not meddle with my text, but he wanted the chance to set the record straight in spots that he deemed factually inaccurate. I understood where this was coming from. Musk wanted a measure of control over his life’s story. He’s also wired like a scientist and suffers mental anguish at the sight of a factual error. A mistake on a printed page would eat away at his soul—forever. While I could understand his perspective, I could not let him read the book, for professional, personal, and practical reasons. Musk has his version of the truth, and it’s not always the version of the truth that the rest of the world shares. He’s prone to lengthy answers to even the simplest of questions as well, and the thought of thirty-page footnotes seemed all too real. Still, we agreed to have dinner, chat all this out, and see where it left us.

1. Why did the author meet up with Elon Musk at the restaurant?

A. Because the alpha male forced him into this appointment.

B. Because his autobiography featured Musk’s legends.

C. Because he relied on this interview for factual accuracy.

D. Because the businessman was willing to help unconditionally.

2. Which statement is appropriate according to the author?

A. Musk’s rejection forced him to give up on interviewing anybody.

B. Many of his former employees resigned because of his bossiness.

C. Musk agreed to cooperate if he could read the book before publication.

D. Musk has behaved in an unconventional way from time to time.

3. What do you think Elon Musk is like based on this excerpt?

A. Dominant and impolite. B. Creative and outgoing.

C. Shy and obsessive. D. Caring and generous.

B

Scientists have known for decades that having measles suppresses(抑制) kids’ immune systems for several weeks or months, leaving them ill-equipped to fight off pneumonia, bronchitis and other infections.

Now a team of researchers has suggested that the measles virus may also leave a longer-lasting sort of “immune-amnesia” that makes it harder for people to stave off other illnesses for two years or more.

That re-emphasizes the importance of vaccination(接种疫苗), said biologist Michael Mina, lead author of a paper that was published in the journal Science.

“There may be a long-lasting impact that you can’t undo if your child gets measles,” he said. “I hope this study can impress upon people the danger measles poses.”

The researchers used what Mina called “an unconventional approach” to search for the long-lasting immune system effects. Previous work in monkeys suggested that monkeys with the disease lost white blood cells their bodies had trained to fight off other illnesses, leaving them more likely to be infected.

To test if a similar thing may occur in humans, the group mined historical data to find out the relationship between measles incidence(发病率) and deaths from other infectious diseases.

They turned to data from England and Wales—developed nations where disease levels are generally low, allowing a less-confused view of measles’ effects. Studying measles incidence and deaths from infectious disease both before and after the introduction of the measles vaccine in the U.K. in the 1960s, Mina and the team saw a sort of shadow effect, where deaths from a variety of non-measles infectious diseases closely tracked measles incidence. The more measles in a population, the more deaths from other illnesses in the 28-month period that followed.

“Really it didn’t matter what age group, what decade or what country,” said Mina. “They all showed consistent results… what we’re suggesting happens over the long term is that your immune system works fine, but it has forgotten what it previously learned.”

Some researchers who were not involved in the work questioned whether the reductions in deaths as measles cases declined may have had more to do with improving nutrition and smaller family size than with prolonged immune suppression.

Others thought the paper’s opinion of years-long suppression was seemingly reasonable but said they could not comment on the mathematical models the group used.

To know for certain what was behind the effect the group saw, Mina agreed, scientists would need to look at immune cells and observe their behavior. He said he would like to push the work in a more traditional direction: back into the laboratory.

4. Why did Mina call their research method “an unconventional approach”?

A. Their research compared monkeys with humans.

B. Their research was based on the historical data.

C. They discovered a sort of shadow effect

D. They only paid attention to developed nations.

5. According to Mina what is the significance of their research?

A. They warned people that measles can result in other infectious diseases

B. They showed how dangerous measles is and the importance of vaccination.

C. They carried out the research on measles in an unconventional approach.

D. They found out the disease levels are generally low in developed nations.

6. The underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.

A. keep away     B. survive from      C. search for       D. turn down

7. Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?

A. Measles has been the origin of other diseases and deaths.

B. New research conducted into measles has been widely questioned.

C. Damage caused by measles to the immune system could last several weeks.

D. Study points to years-long immune system misfortunes from measles.

二．七选五（2.5*5=12.5分）

During his 2009 TED Global talk, sound consultant Julian Treasure said there are four major ways that sound affects human. What do fire alarms, car noises and alarm clocks all have in common? Their sound affects us physiologically (生理上地). ___8___ Heart rate increases and breath quickens as the body prepares to fight a possible threat or run for survival. But a physiological response to sound isn't always upsetting. The rhythmic frequency of ocean waves roughly matches the rhythm of a sleeping person’s breathing . ___9___

The second way sound affects us is psychological— it makes us feel. Have you ever heard a piece of music that makes you sad? Whether it’s a sad song that brings tears to your eyes or a funny song that makes you laugh, music can make us feel a range of emotions. ___10___ When we hear the comforting singing of birds, we know things are good and safe.

___11__ The brain tries to get meaning from the words and sentences we hear. When your mom, dad, and little brother are all talking at once at the dinner table, the competing voices make it hard to focus. Our brains have a very small bandwidth for processing auditory (听觉的) input, says Treasure. No wonder it's annoying when someone keeps talking during a movie!

Finally, sound may cause behavioral changes. ___12___ People tend to walk away from loud or annoying sounds and toward pleasant sounds.

Next time a fire engine screams past, birds start singing or you hear a sorrowful pop song, stop, listen, and think about the many ways sound influences you.

A. Also, sound affects how we think.

B. Birdsong also affects us psychologically.

C. In other words, they make our bodies react.

D. Unpleasant sounds affect our physical health.

E. In fact, some music can put you in a good mood .

F. Drivers who listen to fat-paced music may speed up.

G. When we hear the ocean rise and fall, the sound relaxes our bodies.

三．完形填空（1*15=15分）

Brad Ryan and his 85-year-old grandma, Joy Ryan, are nearing the finish line on a goal they once thought was impossible: Visiting all national parks together.

The duo (二人组) kicked off their ____13____ in October 2015, when Brad was looking for a way to spend a two-day weekend. He said the idea ____14____ from a conversation he had with Grandma Joy about his past adventures on the Appalachian Trail. “I felt sorry that she was always ____15____ vicariously (间接感受到地) through my stories,” Brad said. “And so just knowing that she had never seen ____16____ and mountains and the oceans and these ____17____ wild places on Earth, it just felt like a ____18____ that I had to her to make sure that she had some memories to take away in her life story as well.” Brad began ____19____ their adventures on the social media in 2019, and they quickly ____20____ a large number of followers.

“You don’t assume your grandma going with you on a camping trip is going to be anything less than ____21____,” Brad said. “That was my ______22______. That was my misperception (误解) of what age means. More ______23______, her spirit was good enough for her to go traveling.” “It’s been a ______24______ adventure; it really has,” Grandma Joy said. “It’s really been a beautiful time. And I wouldn’t trade it for anything.”

As for ______25______ from Brad and Grandma Joy, they encourage everyone to ______26______ opportunities for exploration. “We realize that not everybody is going to be able to travel to every national park,” Brad said. “But there is some adventure to be found in every ______27______ of the country and we hope that people will go out and seek that adventure.”

13. A. adventure  B. program  C. vacation  D. schedule

14. A. suffered   B. arose   C. profited  D. differed

15. A. reading   B. living   C. learning  D. imagining

16. A. parks   B. museums  C. hills   D. deserts

17. A. amazing  B. artificial  C. frightening  D. identical

18. A. function   B. responsibility C. potential  D. possibility

19. A. advocating  B. advertising  C. documenting D. predicting

20. A. accepted  B. acquired  C. desired  D. confirmed

21. A. outstanding  B. challenging  C. striking  D. fascinating

22. A. hope   B. regret   C. fault   D. anxiety

23. A. importantly  B. seriously  C. accurately  D. obviously

24. A. terrible   B. tough   C. common  D. grand

25. A. complaint  B. decision  C. advice   D. warning

26. A. seek out   B. take out  C. put out   D. lay out

27. A. community  B. corner   C. department  D. version

四．语法填空（1.5*10=15分）

A vast region with beautiful scenery, lush plants, a lot of rivers and lakes dotted around, Hulun Buir Grassland is like a huge, green picture scroll, ____28____ gives you boundless views. The name Hulun Buir, which means “the land of lakes and rivers”, ____29____ (date) back to a legend long long ago. It is the best-preserved grassland in China ____30____ recognized as “The Grass Kingdom”.

With the most plentiful and excellent pastures in China, Hulun Buir Grassland also has the name The Purest Grassland ____31____ there is hardly any pollution there. Its animal products, like meat, milk, leather, and wool ____32____ (favor) by people both at home and abroad. It’s a famous tourist destination now.

With the irrigation of thousands of rivers, the grassland presents ____33____ (it) as a green carpet underneath the blue sky and white clouds. You can ride on camels and horses, watch wrestling and horse racing, and enjoy a bonfire party—the unique lifestyle of nomads can be ____34____ (full) appreciated.

The region’s location makes it warm and pleasant in the summer, while cold and ____35____ (snow) in the winter. During the summer, the meadows are covered with ____36____ blanket of multicolored wildflowers. Even in ancient times, the beautiful scenery of this place gained ____37____ (popular) with poets and writers and was described in their literary works.

五．课堂知识巩固（2*20=40分）

1. Visit the website and you can buy the book __________ a 20% discount.

2. How did it come __________ that he didn’t get the scholarship?

3. When deeply ____________(absorb) in work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping.

4. __________(accuse) of giving away the secret of the company led to the secretary __________(fire).

5. The rainstorm is thought __________(start) two hours ago.

6. It was the first time that I __________(be) a volunteer in MSF.

7. By the end of he was 14 years old, he __________(learn) advanced mathematics by himself.

8. Although he __________(intend)to stay for one year, he now feels ready to stay for another year.

9. We __________(seek) a solution to the problem before the manager put forward a better one.

10. The first time they met, they felt as if they __________(know) each other for a long time.

11. 我们匆匆地结束了会议，留下许多问题有待解决。

We hurriedly ended our meeting, __________ many problems _________ __________ __________.

12. 他说有几十项经济计划已经开始实施。

He said there were __________ __________ economic plans in the works.      

13. 他们认为这个问题不值得认真考虑。

They regard the problem as __________ __________ __________ serious consideration.    

14. 这份数据就质量和数量而言都很有限。

The data is limited __________ __________ __________both quality and quantity.  

15. 约翰有一种独特的方法，能够用尽可能少的词来表达他的观点。

John has a unique way to __________ __________ his opinion by using as few words as possible.

16. 我在网上已经买了很多物品了，但是与此同时，我的债务在逐步增加。

I have bought lots of items online，but meanwhile, my debts keep __________ __________.

17. 我正要放弃，这时我们英语老师鼓励我坚持下去。

I __________ __________ __________ give up __________our English teacher encouraged me to keep going.

18. 他们想要将那些影响社区的重要问题揭露出来，

They want to __________ __________ __________ important issues that affect the community.

19. 重要的是你不要很匆忙地就下结论他会失败。

It’s important that you don’t ________ ________ ________ ________ that he will fail.

20. 他往往对工作秉承着批判精神，很少提及成功，失败的案例倒是经常会谈起。

He tends to ________ ________ ________ his work, and talks more about failures than successes.              .

阅读七选五：BCC  BBAD  CGBAF  

完形：ABBDA    BCBBC    ADCAB

语法填空：36. which    37. dates    38. and    39. because/since/as    40. are favored    41. itself    42. fully    43. snowy    44. a    45. popularity

基础知识：

1.struck  2.opposition  3.winding  4.ambitious  5.exposure  6.contradictory  7.stability  8.distinction  9.tolerant  10.commitment  11.curiosity  12.inaccurate  13.priority  14.persuasive  15.accusation  16.psychological  17.Apparently  18.frozen  19.characterized  20.representative

阅读：【答案】1. B    2. C    3. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇摘录。文章主要讲述了作者如何让马斯克答应自己为其出书。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Musk asked me to dinner for a negotiation of sorts. Eighteen months earlier, I’d informed him of my plans to write a book about him, and he’d informed me of his plans not to cooperate.(马斯克邀请我共进晚餐，进行某种谈判。18个月前，我告诉他我打算写一本关于他的书，他告诉我他不打算合作。)”以及第四段“While I could understand his perspective, I could not let him read the book, for professional, personal, and practical reasons. Musk has his version of the truth, and it’s not always the version of the truth that the rest of the world shares. He’s prone to lengthy answers to even the simplest of questions as well, and the thought of thirty-page footnotes seemed all too real. Still, we agreed to have dinner, chat all this out, and see where it left us.(虽然我能理解他的观点，但出于职业、个人和实际原因，我不能让他读这本书。马斯克有他自己的真相版本，而这并不总是世界上其他人所认同的真相版本。即使是最简单的问题，他也倾向于用冗长的答案来回答，而且30页的脚注似乎太真实了。尽管如此，我们还是同意共进晚餐，把这一切都说出来，看看结果如何。)”可知，两个人见面是因为作者打算写一本关于马斯克传奇故事的书，打算和马斯克就书的内容和细节进行商讨。故选B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段“He’d be willing to cooperate if he could read the book before it went to publication, and could add footnotes(脚注) throughout it. He would not meddle with my text, but he wanted the chance to set the record straight in spots that he deemed factually inaccurate.(如果他能在书出版前阅读，并在书中添加脚注，他愿意合作。他不会乱动我的文本，但他希望有机会澄清他认为不准确的地方。)”可知，马斯克同意合作，前提是他能在出版前阅读这本书。故选C。