一、导读: Key words & expressions involved 1. input vt./n. 2. capacity n. 3. fiance n./vt. 4. commit v. 5.urge vt./n/ 6. pose 7. demand 8. recognition n. 9. deny vt. 10. distribution n. 11.victim n. 12. threat n. 二、导思:【课文定位】根据语境推测下列划线单词或者短语的中文意思并且反复诵读 1. One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans. 2. However, for a long time, AI technology developed very slowly. A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess- playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov. 3. From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots, from recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications. 4. Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans? 5. How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans? 6.As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. 三、导学&导练 A. 借助字典查下列单词的词性转化 1. analyse (AmE analyze) vt. 分析→ n. (对事物的)分析,分析结果 (pl. ) 2. massive adj. 巨大的,大而重的;非常严重的→ n. 团;块;堆;大量 adj. 大批的;广泛的 3.finance n.财政,金融;资金;财力,财务管理 vt.提供资金→ adj.金融的;财政的,财务的 4.threaten vt.危及,对……构成威胁;威胁,恐吓→ n.威胁,恐吓 5.crime n.罪,罪行;犯罪活动→ n.罪犯 6.urge vt.敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策 n.冲动,强烈的欲望 → adj.紧急的;急迫的 7.demand vt.需要;强烈要求 n.要求,所需之物;需求,需要→ adj.(工作)要求高的,费力的;(人)苛求的 8.greedy adj.贪心的,贪婪的→ n.贪婪,贪心 9.recognition n.识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识→ vt.认出,识别;承认 10.distribution n.分发,分送;分配,分布→ vt.分配;散布;分开;把……分类 11.predict vt.预言,预告→ n.预报;预言 12. illegal adj. 不合法的,非法的→ adj. 法律的;合法的 B. 掌握核心单词的用法 1. input (into/to sth)/(of sth) 投入资源(指时间、知识、思想等);投入;输入 (inputting-input/inputted-input/inputted) to input text/data/figures 把文本╱数据╱数字输 【反义词】output n. 输出,输出量;产量;出产 vt. 输出 There has been a big input of resources into the project from industry. 工业界对这个项目投入了大量资源。 2. capacity /kəˈpæsəti/ n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力;容量,容积;职位,职责;生产量 a capacity (for sth/for doing sth)/(to do sth) 领悟(或理解、办事)能力 She has an enormous capacity for hard work. 她特别能吃苦耐劳。 Limited resources are restricting our capacity for developing new products. 有限的资源正制约着我们开发新产品的能力。 3. analyse /ˈænəlaɪz/ vt. (AmE analyze) 分析 analysis n. 分析;分解;验定(复数形式analyses) make an analysis of分析…… analyst n. 分析者;分解者;精神分析医师 analytical adj. 分析的;分解的 (2014江西卷)Nevertheless, we must not commit the mistake of analyzing progress only from one point of view. 然而,我们决不能犯错误,只从一个角度分析进展的情况。 4. breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθruː/ n. 重大进展,突破adj. 突破性的 to make/achieve a breakthrough 作出╱取得突破性进展 Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer. 科学家们宣称攻克癌症已有重大的突破。 (2011天津卷)It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on. 这对解决我正在研究的数学问题来说是一个真正的突破。 5. finance /ˈfaɪnæns; faɪˈnæns/ n. 财政,金融;资金;财力,财务管理 vt. 提供资金 financial adj. 金融的;财政的,财务的 financier n. 金融家,理财家,财政家;投资家,(为项目或企业)提供资金者 The report recommends an overhaul of public finances. 这份报告建议对公共财政进行彻底检查。 The fund has been used largely to finance the construction of schools in remote areas. 该基金大部分已用于资助建造偏远地区的学校。 (2021全国乙卷)Provide financial(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 6. autonomous /ɔːˈtɒnəməs/ adj. 自主的,有自主权的;自治的 autonomous region 自治区 autonomy n. 自治,自治权 autonomic adj. 自主的;不受意志支配的 autonomously adv. 自治地;独立自主地 7. domestic /dəˈmestɪk/ adj. 家庭的,家用的;本国的,国内的 domestic affairs/politics 国内事务╱政治 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)国内生产总值 Their domestic reforms did nothing to solve the problem of unemployment. 他们的国内改革没有采取任何措施以解决失业问题。 8. threaten /ˈθretn/ vt. 危及,对…构成威胁;威胁,恐吓 threat n. 威胁,恐吓 threatened adj. 受到威胁的; v. 威胁(threaten的过去分词) threatening adj. 危险的;胁迫的;凶兆的; v. 威胁;恐吓;迫近(threaten的ing形式) It’s neither aliens nor a rare disease that will threaten the human race in the future, but climate change. 未来威胁人类的不是外星人,也不是罕见的疾病,而是气候变化。 He was threatened with dismissal if he continued to turn up late for work. 他受到警告,如果继续上班迟到,就被辞退。 threat /θret/ n. 构成威胁的人(或事物);威胁,恐吓;凶兆 to make threats against sb 对某人进行威胁 a threat to do sth 威胁做某事 pose a threat to 构成威胁;形成一种威胁 under threat 受到威胁 threaten vt. 威胁;恐吓;预示 vi. 威胁;可能来临 These ancient woodlands are under threat from new road developments. 新道路开发可能对这些古老的林地造成破坏。 He is unlikely to be a threat to the Spanish player in the final. 相信他不会在决赛中对这位西班牙运动员形成威胁。 Drugs pose a major threat to our society. 毒品成为对社会的一大威胁。 9. commit /kəˈmɪt/ vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间)vi. 全身心投入,忠于 commit a crime/mistake 做出(错或非法的事);犯(罪或错等) commit sb/oneself (to sth/to doing sth) 承诺,保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等) commitment n. 承诺,保证;委托;承担义务;献身;花费金钱、时间、人力等 Soon after, she knew she had to make a bold move to fully commit to her new future. 不久之后,她知道她必须做出大胆的举动,以充分投入于她的新未来。 The President is committed to reforming health care. 总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。 10. urge /ɜːdʒ/ vt. 敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策n. 冲动,强烈的欲望 urge sth (on/upon sb) 大力推荐;竭力主张 urge sb to do sth敦促某人做某事 have an urge to do sth做某事的欲望 urgency n. 紧急;催促;紧急的事 The situation is dangerous, and the UN is urging caution.局势岌岌可危,联合国力主谨慎行事。 The representatives urged Congress to approve plans for their reform programme. 代表敦促国会批准他们有关改革项目的计划。 Tom had an urge to open a shop of his own on the Internet. 汤姆很想开一家自己的网店。 11. warning /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ n. 警告,先兆;警戒 to give sb a verbal/written/final warning 向某人发出口头╱书面╱最后警告 warn vt. 警告,提醒;通知 vi. 发出警告,发出预告 warn sb of sth警告某人某事 Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish caught in the river. 医生发出警告不要吃在那条河里捕的鱼。 12. demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ vt. 需要;强烈要求n. 要求,所需之物;需求,需要 a demand for…需要…… in demand 非常需要的;受欢迎的 to meet/satisfy their customers’ demands 满足客户要求 supply and demand供求 demand to do sth要求做某事 demand sth of/from sb要求某人某物 demand that …(should) do sth要求做某事 He said the task of reconstruction would demand much patience, hard work, and sacrifice. 他说重建工作会需要高度坚韧、勤劳和奉献。 There’s an increased demand for organic produce these days.目前对有机农产品有更大需求。 They are demanding that all troops (should) be withdrawn. 他们强烈要求所有部队撤离。 13. victim /ˈvɪktɪm/ n. 受害者,牺牲品;受骗者;祭品 fall victim to 受伤,受损,被害 He was a victim of racial prejudice. 他是种族偏见的一个牺牲品。 14. greedy /ˈɡriːdi/ adj. 贪心的,贪婪的 greed n. 贪婪,贪心 greediness n. 贪吃;贪欲;嘴馋 be greedy (for sth) 贪婪的;贪心的;贪吃的;渴望的 greedily adv. 贪婪地;贪心地;贪食地 She stared at the diamonds with greedy eyes. 她眼巴巴地盯着这些钻石。 He attacked greedy bosses for awarding themselves big raises. 他攻击那些贪婪的老板期望给自己大幅涨工资的。 15. recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/ n. 识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识 beyond/out of recognition变得面目全非; recognize vt. 认出,识别;承认;接受,认可;赞赏 vi. 确认,承认;具结 recognizable adj. 可辨认的;可认识的;可承认的 He received the award in recognition of his success over the past year. 他得到了奖励,这是对他过去一年成绩的肯定。 The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here. 自从我上次离开这里以来,这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。 16. alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ n. 可供选择的事物adj. 可供替代的;非传统的 an alternative method of doing sth 做某事的其他方法 alternative energy(the energy from the sun, wind, water, etc.) 替代能源(指太阳能、风能、水能等) have no alternative/choice but to do sth别无选择 We had no alternative but to fire Gibson. 我们别无他法,只有辞退吉布森。 There is a vegetarian alternative on the menu every day. 每天的菜单上另有素食餐点。 There were alternative methods of travel available. 有另外的旅行方式可采用。 17. distribution /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n. 分发,分送;分配,分布 the unfair distribution of wealth 财富分配不公 the distribution of food and medicines to the flood victims 向遭受洪灾的灾民分发食品和药物 【拓展】distribute vt. 分配;散布;分开;把…分类 distribute sth to …把……分配给…… distributed adj. 分布式的,分散式的 distributer n. 分销商;分配器 The researchers are studying the geographical distribution of COVID-19 viruses. 科研人员正在研究新冠病毒的地域分布情况。 The distribution of resources is unbalanced between rural and urban schools. 农村学校与城市学校的资源分配不平衡。 18. predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ vt. 预言,预告 prediction n. 预报;预言 predictable adj. 可预言的 predictive adj. 预言性的;成为前兆的 unpredictable adj. 不可预知的;不定的;出乎预料的 It was predicted that prices for real estate would continue to fall. 据预报,房地产价格将继续下降。 19. decrease /dɪˈkriːs/ vt. & vi. 减少,降低 /ˈdiːkriːs/ n. 减少,降低 on the decrease 在减少中 decrease by 减少了… decrease to 减少到 【同义词】 reduce vt. 减少;降低;使处于;把
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