一、导读：

Read the short passage on P6, finish the table and explore the rules.

二、导思：

思考黑体部分在句中所作的成分

1．The early bird catches the worm.  2．They are birds of a feather.

3．I heard the birds singing.          4．She bought the bird a cage.

5．This is a picture.             6．The manager asked the college student to come in.

7．Light travels most quickly.

三、导学&导练：

v  句子成分 (sentence elements)

1．主语(subject)

主语是一个句子所叙述的主体、动作的发出者，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等构成。

① Learning English well isn’t as hard as you think.

② When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.

2．表语(predicative)

表语说明主语的身份、特征和状态，在系动词之后。表语由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句构成。

① The truth is that he has never been abroad.

② They seem to know the truth.

3．宾语(object)

宾语是动作的施加对象或承受者，在及物动词后，或“不及物动词＋相应介词”后。宾语由名词性的词充当。宾语按词性分为：动词宾语和介词宾语，分别构成动宾结构和介宾结构。

① I think (that) he is fit for his office.

② Lend me your dictionary，please.

4． 宾语补足语(object complement)

有些及物动词，除有宾语以外，还需有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句来充当。

① We found everything in the lab in good order.

② We must keep it a secret.

5．定语(attribute)

修饰名词、代词的词称为定语。分为前置定语和后置定语，可由形容词、名词、代词、数词、名词所有格、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句充当。定语有形容词的特征。

① Guilin is a beautiful city.    

② He is reading an article about how to learn English.

③ The man who is talking with a foreigner is my English teacher.

6．状语(adverbial)

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫作状语。状语种类有：时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、地点状语、方式状语、伴随状语、目的状语、结果状语、让步状语、比较状语。

① He has lived in the city for ten years.

② Once you begin，you must continue.

[即学即练1]　分析下列句子成分

1.①(I) ②(apologized to) ③(her) ④(for stepping on her foot).

①________　②_________　③________　④___________

2.①(The meeting) ②(held yesterday) ③(was) ④(important).

①________　②_________　③________　④___________

3.①(Don't forget) ②(to wake me up) ③(at six tomorrow morning).【打印本页】【关闭窗口】