If this apotheosis of individuation is to be read in normative terms, we may infer that there is one norm only: the individual--or, more precisely, the observance of the limits of the individual: sophrosune.
于是,在静观自得中,他安坐在这慈航,渡过苦海。
As
a
moral
deity
Apollo
demands
self-
control
from
his
people
and,
in
order
to
observe
such
self-
control,
a
knowledge
of
self.
这种个性原则的崇拜,作为一般强制的道德律来说,只有一条规律——个性规律,也就是说,守住个人的范围,亦即希腊人所谓适度。
And
so
we
find
that
the
aesthetic
necessity
of
beauty
is
accompanied
by
the
imperatives, "
Know
thyself,"
and
"
Nothing
too
much."
德行之神阿波罗,要求他的信徒们凡事适可而止,为了有节有度,则须有自知之明。
Conversely,
excess
and
hubris
come
to
be
regarded
as
the
hostile
spirits
of
the
non-
Apollinian
sphere,
hence
as
properties
of
the
pre-
Apollinian
era--
the
age
of
Titans
--
and
the
extra-
Apollinian
world,
that
is
to
say
the
world
of
the
barbarians.
所以,除了审美的要求以外,还提出“认识自己”和“慎勿过分”这些要求;同时,自矜与过份被视为非梦神境界的真正恶魔,从而是梦神以前的原始铁旦时代的特征,梦神以外的蛮邦世界的特征。
It
was
because
of
his
Titanic
love
of
man
that
Prometheus
had
to
be
devoured
by
vultures;
it
was
because
of
his
extravagant
wisdom
which
succeeded
in
solving
the
riddle
of
the
Sphinx
that
Oedipus
had
to
be
cast
into
a
whirlpool
of
crime:
in
this
fashion
does
the
Delphic
god
interpret
the
Greek
past.
普罗密修斯因为以铁旦神族之爱来爱人类,所以应该被苍鹰啄食;奥狄普斯因为解答斯芬克斯之谜的过分聪明,所以应该陷入纷乱的罪恶旋涡。狄尔斐之神阿波罗是这样的解释希腊古史的。
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