【名著阅读】悲剧的诞生The Birth Of Tragedy 第12期:凡事适可而止

来源:仪征中学 时间:2024-06-26
 


If
thisapotheosisofindividuationistobereadinnormativeterms,wemayinferthatthereisonenormonly:theindividual--or,moreprecisely,theobservanceofthelimitsoftheindividual:sophrosune.

于是,在静观自得中,他安坐在这慈航,渡过苦海。
As a moral deity Apollo demands self- control from his people and, in order to observe such self- control, a knowledge of self.
这种个性原则的崇拜,作为一般强制的道德律来说,只有一条规律——个性规律,也就是说,守住个人的范围,亦即希腊人所谓适度。
And so we find that the aesthetic necessity of beauty is accompanied by the imperatives, " Know thyself," and " Nothing too much."
德行之神阿波罗,要求他的信徒们凡事适可而止,为了有节有度,则须有自知之明。
Conversely, excess and hubris come to be regarded as the hostile spirits of the non- Apollinian sphere, hence as properties of the pre- Apollinian era-- the age of Titans -- and the extra- Apollinian world, that is to say the world of the barbarians.
所以,除了审美的要求以外,还提出“认识自己”和“慎勿过分”这些要求;同时,自矜与过份被视为非梦神境界的真正恶魔,从而是梦神以前的原始铁旦时代的特征,梦神以外的蛮邦世界的特征。
It was because of his Titanic love of man that Prometheus had to be devoured by vultures; it was because of his extravagant wisdom which succeeded in solving the riddle of the Sphinx that Oedipus had to be cast into a whirlpool of crime: in this fashion does the Delphic god interpret the Greek past.
普罗密修斯因为以铁旦神族之爱来爱人类,所以应该被苍鹰啄食;奥狄普斯因为解答斯芬克斯之谜的过分聪明,所以应该陷入纷乱的罪恶旋涡。狄尔斐之神阿波罗是这样的解释希腊古史的。
 
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